country
Although Egypt is one of the 30 largest countries with an area of 1 million square kilometers, it is a country notorious for its geographical “distribution” 99% of Egypt’s population uses only 5% of the total land area, but almost 100% of the aquatic resources, due to the predominantly barren ecosystem. The Nile River is the lifeline of some 90 million people and is the focus of urban planning. With its incredible 6,695 km, it is the longest and arguably the most vital river in the world, supplying water to Egypt and three other countries.
The Nile reaches Egypt a few kilometers north of the Sudanese town of Wadi Halfa through a narrow gorge that cuts through sandstone and granite cliffs. The river’s northward direction has earned Egypt’s southern border the name “Upper Egypt” This section of the Nile is home to the world’s largest concentration of temples, tombs and palaces built over a period of 4,000 years. These include the temples of Abydos, Dendara, Karnak, Esna, Edfu, Kom Ombo, Philae and Abu Simbel, all built for their respective deities, and the tombs in the Theban necropolis in the Valley of the Kings across the river at Luxor.
Enjoying the river scenery from the comfort of a felucca (small sailboat) is the epitome of pleasure and is appreciated by locals and non-locals alike. This can be easily arranged in Aswan, and larger Nile cruise ships can provide an even more luxurious experience. As the river flows further upstream, past large cities and temples, it begins to branch out into a flower-shaped formation known as the Nile Delta, covering 240 km of Mediterranean coastline. It is home to 39 million people and is the most agriculturally rich country in Egypt with some of the most beautiful and relaxing natural scenery Egypt has to offer.
Much like the Nile, the Red Sea coast, once a microcosm of the world that hosted sailors from distant lands, has become an important part of the country. Turquoise waves break on rocky capes and windswept beaches against a backdrop of an endless mountain range – a much-needed escape for the people of Cairo. The real lure, especially for those unfamiliar with the area, are the fabulous island reefs near the resort of Hurghada and the smaller settlements of Port Safaga, El-Quseir and Marsa Alam to the south. The entire region has undergone a rapid transformation in the last two decades, triggered by the onslaught of annual tourists.
The most notable development is the future construction of the new Egyptian capital near this coast. These destinations have it all when it comes to travel-hungry vacationers. Shark diving, snorkeling and kite surfing are complemented by the invigorating effects of 18-hole golf courses, private beaches, open-air cinemas and unparalleled nightlife.
The Egyptian landscape is a tribute to its elusive splendor, especially considering that the land is mostly sand and dust
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