Umm Dababeyya is a protected area in Luxor Governorate on the edge of the sedimentary sequence of the mountains of the Eastern Desert. Umm Dababeyya has an estimated age of 50-55 million years. The protected area is considered an ideal geological sequence, representing a time scale that is considered the most perfect strata in the world. The strata represent a history of the beginnings of modern fauna and flora. This valuable section of the reserve has allowed geologists to estimate the age of the Earth by identifying marine sediments and determining the processes that coincided with their deposition and the creatures that contributed to each layer.